Authorities have seized scores of homes and arrested hundreds of people under stringent anti-terror laws. Since then, the territory’s people and its media have been largely silenced. India’s crackdown intensified after 2019 when New Delhi took the region under its direct control. India replied with a brutal counterinsurgency campaign, and tens of thousands of civilians, soldiers and rebels have been killed in the conflict. In 1989, a violent separatist insurgency erupted in the region seeking independence or a merger with Pakistan, which also controls part of Kashmir. Indian-controlled Kashmir remains one of the world’s most heavily militarized territories, with hundreds of thousands of troops. The city’s commercial center was spruced up, with freshly black-topped roads leading to the convention center and power poles lit in the colors of India’s national flag. A massive security cordon was placed around the venue on the shore of Dal Lake, with elite naval commandos patrolling the water in rubber boats. Mondays’ measures contrasted sharply with the visible security imposed in the days before the event.
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